What makes pharaoh ants different
Pharaoh ants are among the smallest ants you'll see indoors β about a sixteenth of an inch, pale yellow to light brown, with a slightly darker tail end. You often need to look closely to see them at all. They're a tropical species, so in New Jersey they live indoors year-round in heated buildings, which is why people notice them in the middle of winter when other ants are gone.
The bigger difference is how their colonies work. A pharaoh ant colony has many queens and many nests, and when the colony is stressed β by a spray, by a move, by a change in food β groups of workers and queens simply walk off and start new nests somewhere else. Pest professionals call this budding. It's the reason a small problem in one bathroom can turn into ants in every room after a can of bug spray.
They nest in warm, hidden spaces close to water: wall voids near pipes, behind outlet covers, under cabinets, inside appliances and between stored items. They'll eat almost anything β sweets, grease, protein β and they follow pipes and wires through walls from room to room and unit to unit.